Song of the Lodz Ghetto, the new feature-length documentary by David Kaufman, is a comprehensive historical account of Poland’s “first and last” Jewish ghetto, established by the Nazis during the Second World War in Lodz, Poland’s leading industrial centre. It was the first closed ghetto established in 1940 and the last to be liquidated in August, 1944. The film has a particular focus on music in the Ghetto and is built around a selection of ghetto songs performed by the renowned Jewish music group, Brave Old World. The film is also the first documentary to feature extensive interviews with survivors of the Lodz Ghetto.
The film tells its story partially through a focus on two historical figures: the controversial, despotic, Nazi-appointed Jewish leader of the ghetto, Chaim Rumkowski, who is reviled by many historians, and the Ghetto’s popular street-singer, Yankele Herszkowicz, whose remarkable songs lifted the spirits of the Jews of the ghetto when their lives were full of despair, and whose own tragic life mirrored the fate of Polish Jewry. Rumkowski was a Jewish community functionary, elevated by the Nazis to lead the Ghetto, who gambled on German economic self-interest to sustain the lives of the large, highly-skilled and productive Jewish labour force. Herskowicz was a poor tailor who had a genius for broadside lyrics and who sang, literally for his supper, to keep himself alive in the impoverished ghetto and who formed a one-man opposition to the corrupt ghetto administration.
The film is also a feast of historical photography, three hundred images selected from 13,000 taken in the Lodz Ghetto, including many in colour. The film features interviews with many survivors from Lodz including Chava Rosenfarb, the renowned Yiddish writer who died recently, with Herszkowicz’s family, and with several historians.